Lessons · Teaching · scarcity, and the cost of every choice
Every choice costs the thing you did not choose
Scarcity means wants exceed the resources available, so choices must be made. The opportunity cost of a choice is the best alternative given up. Needs are what is required to live; wants are everything else, and the line between them is not always obvious.
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In beta. This lesson was written for Hone and has not yet been checked by a state certification officer. Practice material, not professional advice. What that means.
What it is for
Opportunity cost is the one idea from economics that a ten-year-old can use the same afternoon, on pocket money or on a free hour. It is also the most examined concept in elementary economics, and it is about what was not chosen, which children find genuinely surprising.
How to think about it
For every choice, name what was given up, not merely what was chosen. The opportunity cost is the single best alternative, not all of them added together. Distinguish needs from wants by asking what happens without it.
Worked example
Scarcity: there is not enough to satisfy every want, so something must be chosenIt applies to time and attention as much as to money.
Opportunity cost: the best thing given up, not the list of everything given upOne alternative, the next best, and naming it is the skill.
Spend an hour on football and the cost is the reading you did not doTime is the resource children understand scarcity in first.
Needs are required to live: food, water, shelter. Wants are everything elseThe line is examined and it is less obvious than it sounds.
Your turn
Name the best alternative given up when a choice is made.
The best alternative given up is the cost
Solve one, graded on the server
The trap
Adding up every alternative as the cost. The opportunity cost is the single next-best option, because that is the only one you could actually have had instead.